This paper examines the evolution of nationalism and national identity in Europe and how it was transferred to and propagated in Central Asia by the Soviets. It further examines the challenge facing Central Asian peoples in the post-Soviet era; namely in defining a new national identity for themselves as new independent nation-states in the age of globalization. The paper attempts to demonstrate that the artificial nature of ethnic-based republics that are being created in the region is neither compatible with history and culture of Central Asia nor with the process of globalization. It argues that the anachronistic romantic nationalism championed by Central Asian leaders will only lead to further disintegration and possible conflict in the region.
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