From colonization to globalism- Contradictions of French modernization; case study in Morocco and Algeria

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of European Studies, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Iran

2 MA in French Studies, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The impact of French colonization in Africa has been subject to scholarly debates for a long time. Some have cast light on the advantages of colonization by emphasizing the transfer of civic and technology improvements as well as the improvement in living standards. In contrast, critics have been concerned with the occurrence of cultural assimilation with the West and its effects on the colonies’ social structures.
The contradictions of modernism over the non-occidental countries, particularly the ones that have been colonized, are akin to what one can find in today’s controversy over the implications of globalization on the developing countries ‘cultural patterns and structures. Hence, the contradictions of colonialization vis-à-vis globalization, as well as the interaction between the two, are chosen as the core concepts of this article. In order to expand the discussion, the impacts of the globalization process on two former parts of France, i.e., Morocco (as a protectorate) and Algeria (as a colony), are compared in detail. By this comparison, this research demonstrates the different consequences of colonization considering the domestic elements such as geography and social structures which provided different conditions for the mentioned countries in confronting the French colonization. These conditions will be investigated within the framework of globalization, modernism and post-colonialism, followed by adopting a comparative analysis and implementing the content analysis method. This aims to underscore French colonization’s influence on shaping the current understanding concerning modernism and globalism.

Keywords

References

  1. الف) فارسی

    1. آشوری، محمد. (1388)آیین دادرسی کیفری. تهران: سمت.
    2. ایوبی، حجت‌الله. (1396) سیاست و حکومت در فرانسه. تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
    3. ترنز، برایان. (1395) ماکس وبر و اسلام، ترجمه سعید وصالی. تهران: مرکز.
    4. داوید، رنه. (1395) نظام‌های بزرگ حقوقی معاصر، ترجمه حسین صفایی، محمد آشوری و عزت‌الله عراقی. تهران: مرکز نشر دانشگاهی.
    5. دروودی، مسعود؛ فاطمه صلواتی (1393، بهمن) «نظریه پسااستعمارگرایی و روابط بین‌الملل انتقادی،» پژوهش‌نامه ایرانی سیاست بین‌الملل 3، 1: 26-43،  .<DOI:10.22067/JIPR.V3I15.38622>
    6. سعید، ادوارد. (1382) فرهنگ و امپریالیسم، ترجمه اکبر افسری. تهران: توس.
    7. سن، آمارتیا کوماریم. (1382) توسعه به‌مثابه آزادی، ترجمه وحید محمودی. تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
    8. سیف‌زاده، سیدحسین. (1384) مدرنیته و نظریه‌های جدید علم سیاست. تهران: میزان.
    9. عزتی، عزت‌الله. (1394) ژئوپلیتیک. تهران: سمت.
    1. کچویان، حسین. (1385)نظریه‌های جهانی‌شدن و دین؛ مطالعه‌ای انتقادی. تهران: نی.
    2. کوبان، آلفرد. (1393) تاریخ معاصر فرانسه، ترجمه عباسقلی غفاری‌فرد. تهران: مؤسسه اطلاعات، ج 2 و 3.
    3. لوئیس، برنارد. (1381) خاورمیانه؛ دو هزار سال تاریخ از ظهور مسیحیت تا امروز، ترجمه حسن کامشاد. تهران: نی.
    4. هراری، یووال نوح. (1396) انسان خردمند، ترجمه نیک گرگین. تهران: نو. 

    ب) انگلیسی

    1. Bourel, Guillaume. )2016( Chronologie de l'histoire de France.Paris :
    2. Dubois, Claude-Gilbert. )2011( “Introduction,” Dand L’Orient Islamique Face a L’Occident. Histoire D’Une Coexistence Tumultueuse, 9-20. Pu Bordeaux; Pu de Bordeaux edition, <DOI:10.1163/15700658-12342423 >.
    3. Durant, Will, and Ariel Durant. )1975(The Story of Civilization: Part XI; The Age of Napoleon. New York: Simon and Schuster, V. 11.
    4. Eberhard, David M.; Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig, eds. (2020) Ethnologue: Languages of the World.Dallas, Texas: SIL International, 23rd ed. Available at: http://www.ethnologue.com (Accessed 5 February 2020).
    5. Economist Intelligence Unit. (2019) Democracy Index 2018. London: The Economist. Available at: https://www.eiu.com/topic/democracy-index (Accessed 14 August 2020).
    1. Giblin, Béatrice. )2007( "Le Tourisme: Un Theatre Geopolitique?" Hérodote 127, 4 : 3-14, <DOI:10.3917/her.127.0003>.
    2. Gouvernement, Secrétariat Général du. (2016, Décembre 8)"Constitution de la Republique Algerienne Democratique et Poplaire," Journal Officiel Available at: http://www.joradp.dz/HFR/Consti.htm (Accessed 22 Fberuary 2020).
    3. Hoerner, Jean-Michel. )2007( "Le Tourisme et la Geopolitique," Hérodote 127, 4 : 15-28, .
    4. Hubert, Michel. )1966( "Les Institutions Politiques de la Republique Algerienne," Revue de l'Occident musulman et de la Méditerranée 135-159, .
    5. Huntington, Samuel P. )1993( "The Clash of Civilization?" Journal of Foreign Affairs (Council on Foreign Relations) 72: 22-49, <DOI:10.2307/20045621>.
      1. Internet World Stats. (2021) "Internet Penetration in Africa, 2020-Q1- March," com (Miniwatts Marketing Group). Available at: https://www.internetworldstats.com/stats1.htm (Accessed 3 July 2021).
    6. Nadoulek, Bernard. (2005) L'Epopee des Civilisations. Paris: Eyrolles.
    7. Organization Internationale de la Francophonie. (2005, November 23) "Francophonie, Charte de la," org. Available at: https://www.francophonie.org/sites/default/files/2019-09/charte_francophonie_ antananarivo_2005.pdf(Accessed 9 June 2020).
    8. Organization Internationale de la Francophonie. (2020)"88 Etats et gouvernements: L'OIF compte 54 membres, 7 membres associés et 27 observateurs," org. Available at: https://www.francophonie.org/88-etats-et-gouvernements-125 (Accessed 9 June 2020).
    9. Sehimi, Mustapha. (1990) De Gaulle et le Maroc. Paris: Edition Publisude.
    10. Semo, Marc. (2014, December 26) "La carte d’un tourisme à risques (the Tourism Risk Map)," Libération. Available at: https://www.liberation.fr/ planete/2014/12/26/la-carte-d-un-tourisme-a-risques_1170505 (Accessed 27 August 2020). [in French].
POLITICAL QUARTERLY
Volume 52, Issue 1
June 2022
Pages 80-55

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 22 August 2020
  • Revise Date: 11 November 2020
  • Accept Date: 20 June 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics