از گفته‌ها تا اعمال: پروندة حقوق بشر سازمان ملل متحد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روابط بین‌الملل دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 دکتری روابط بین‌الملل دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

در این مقاله، ضمن بررسی موارد بسیاری که مدیران، کارمندان و نیروهای سازمان ملل حقوق بشر را نقض کرده‌اند و اظهارات ضد ایرانی 11 مارس 2014 بان کی- مون که نمونه‌ای انکارناپذیر از نقض منشور ملل متحد و نیز اعلامیة جهانی حقوق بشر توسط دبیر کل سازمان ملل است، بحث و بررسی شده است. نتیجة بررسی‌های انجام‌گرفته در این مقاله نشان می‌دهد «دین» جدیدی که تلاش شده است تا به بهانة صیانت از حقوق انسان‌ها و در رقابت با ادیان آسمانی جعل شود، ارتباط انکارناپذیری با گسترش تروریسم در جهان هم در دوران جنگ سرد و هم در حال حاضر داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

WHEN ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER THAN WORDS: THE HUMAN RIGHTS RECORD OF THE UNITED NATIONS

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bijan Pirouz 1
  • Mostafa Zakeri 2
1 Assistant Professor, International Relations, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D., International Relations, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This article examines the human rights abuses perpetrated by the United Nations
missions in places like Kosovo, Congo and Haiti where the United Nations power
has been practically comparable to the State power. It will also investigate similar
cases of abuses committed by highest-ranking UN officials in New York
headquarter and Geneva offices. The violations examined in this article include not
just hundreds of documented cases of sexual assaults and rapes, and all kind sexual
abuses often of children but also tear gassing students, assaulting international
journalists, shooting at women and children and even killing peaceful protestors.
The article will show that the terrifying human rights record of United Nations is in
fact a result of the structure, nature and belief system of the ruling members and
officials of the organization. The article also examines the close affiliation of this
belief system with terror networks both before and after the end of the cold war.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • charter of the United Nations
  • Human Rights violations
  • modern excommunication
  • United Nations
  • United Nations Security Council
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2. BBC (Thursday, 31 March, 2005, 10:42 GMT 11:42 UK): “UN boss faces harassment charge”, Available (1393/01/15) on line at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4396577.stm
3. Before It's News (June 16, 2014): “ISIS Crisis sets stage for World War III”, Available (1393/04/17) online at: http://beforeitsnews.com/alternative/2014/06/isis-crisis-sets-stage-for-world-war-iii-2975560.html
4. Black, Ian (Guardian, 7 November 2013): “Syria crisis: Saudi Arabia to spend millions to train new rebel force”, vailable (1392/12/25) online at: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/07/syria-crisis-saudi-arabia-spend-millions-new-rebel-force
5. Borger, Julian and Nick Hopkins (The Guardian, Friday 8 March 2013): “West training Syrian rebels in Jordan”, Available (1393/04/17) online at: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/08/west-training-syrian-rebels-jordan
6. Ismael, M. (Syrian Arab News Agency, Mar 22, 2014): “Syria hits out at Saudi regime's lack of action to stop instigation of terrorism”,Available (1393/01/03) on line at: http://sana.sy/eng/21/2014/03/22/534667.htm
7. Ki-Moon, Ban (United Nations, 7 August 2013): “Statement Attributable to the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General on the New Financial Contribution of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the United Nations Counter-Terrorism Centre” available (1392/12/25) online at: http://www.un.org/sg/statements/?nid=7005
8. Klein, Aaron (World Net Daily, 2014/06/17): “WND Exclusive: Blowback! U.S. trained Islamists who joined ISIS” Available (1393/04/17) online at: http://www.wnd.com/2014/06/officials-u-s-trained-isis-at-secret-base-in-jordan/
9. Nichols, Bill (USA TODAY, 2004/04/19): “Bush names U.N. ambassador as envoy to Iraq” Available (1393/03/25) online at: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2004-04-19-iraq-ambassador_x.htm
10. Rampietti, Alessandro (Al Jazeera, 16 Nov 2010): “Haiti cholera protest turns violent: Protesters clash with UN peacekeepers in second-largest city of Cap Haitien over epidemic that has killed more than 900”, Available (1393/01/15) online at:http://www.aljazeera.com/news/americas/2010/11/20101115165524154228.html
11. Sandbox Tactics (June 13, 2014): “ISIS Paving the Way to WWIII” Available (1393/04/17) online at: http://sandboxtactics.com/international/isis-paving-way-wwiii/
12. Times Daily (May 13, 1984, p 17): "Ruling illustrates World Court's lack of real jurisdiction", Available (1393/03/25) online at:
http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1842&dat=19840513&id=e5UpAAAAIBAJ&sjid=tccEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1618,2977971
13. Farley, Maggie (Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2004): “Congo Sex Scandal Prompts Efforts for Reform in U.N.” Available (1392/12/25) online at: http://articles.latimes.com/2004/dec/18/world/fg-congo18
14. Gutman, Roy (Seattle Times, November 1, 1993): “U.N. Troops Used Serbs' Sex Slaves -- Witnesses See Peacekeepers At Brothel Near Serb Camp”, Available (1392/12/25) online at:
http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19931101&slug=1729392
15. Jordan, Michael J. (Christian Science Monitor, November 26, 2004): “Sex charges haunt UN forces”, Available (1392/12/24) online at: http://www.csmonitor.com/2004/1126/p06s02-wogi.html
16. Leopold, Evelyn (Reuters, February 28, 2005): “UN Congo Envoy May Leave Amid Peacekeeper Scandal”, Available (1392/12/25) online at: http://today.reuters.com/News/CrisesArticle.aspx?storyId=N28507461
http://www.humanrightsvoices.org/site/articles/?a=384
http://www.humanrightsvoices.org/assets/attachments/articles/384_un_congo_envoy_may_leave_amid_peacekeeper_scandal.doc
17. Lamothe, Dan (Washington Post, June 23, 2014): “Washington shifts, accepts Iraqi promise of immunity for U.S. military advisers” Available (1393/01/03) on line at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2014/06/23/washington-shifts-accepts-iraqi-promise-of-immunity-for-u-s-military-advisers/
18. Lynch, Colum (Washington Post, Thursday, December 16, 2004; Page A26 ): “U.N. Sexual Abuse Alleged in Congo”, Available (1392/12/25) on line at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A3145-2004Dec15.html
19. Lynch, Colum (Washington Post, Wednesday, December 7, 2005; Page A21): “U.N. Cites Misconduct In Firing Elections Chief”, Available (1392/12/25) on line at:http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/12/06/AR2005120601515.html
20. Lynch, Colum (Washington Post, Monday, February 21, 2005; Page A20): “U.N. Official Quits in Harassment Case”, Available (1393/01/15) on line at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A39901-2005Feb20.html
21. United Nations, Dag Hammarskjöld Library (2014): “Security Council - Veto List (in reverse chronological order)” Available (1393/03/30) online at: http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/resguide/scact_veto_en.shtml
22. United Nations News Centre (6 December 2005): “UN electoral chief Carina Perelli dismissed for misconduct” Available (1393/01/15) on line at: http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=16832&Cr=elect&Cr1=
23. Weisbrot, Mark (Guardian, 3 September 2011): “Is this Minustah's 'Abu Ghraib moment' in Haiti?” Available (1392/12/24) online at: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/sep/03/minustah-un-haiti-abuse
24. Yan, Holly, Elise Labott (CNN, April 22, 2014) “U.N. chief to Syria: Please don't hold presidential elections”, Available (1393/03/30) online at: http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/22/world/meast/syria-civil-war/