The triumph of khatami in the presidential election of second khordad (1997) was a turning-point in political conflicts in Islamic Republic of Iran. After the election , there has been a controversial debate About the nature of this collective action. Some scholars define it as a social movement while others say a social movement has some characteristics like organization and leadership which second khordad collective action did not have. The author tries to offer a detailed definition of social movements and compares their necessary characteristics with the second khordad collective action .
The triumph of khatami in the presidential election of second khordad (1997) was a turning-point in political conflicts in Islamic Republic of Iran. After the election , there has been a controversial debate About the nature of this collective action.