آیندۀ رقابت‌های راهبردیِ متداخل در اقیانوس هند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه روابط بین‌الملل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات

2 دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری روابط بین‌الملل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان

چکیده

اقیانوس هند طی سال‌های اخیر به‌دلیل اهمیت اقتصادی و راهبردی آن، به‌سبب برخورداری از منابع سرشار، موقعیت ژئواستراتژیک و نقشِ مواصلاتیِ آن و همچنین واقع شدن تعداد زیادی از کشورها در حاشیۀ آن، مورد توجه جدی قرار گرفته است و به‌عنوان صحنه‌ای جدید برای رقابت قدرت‌های بزرگ و به‌طور عمده بین ایالات متحده، چین و هند دیده می‌شود. از همین‌ رو با عنایت به تمرکز کنونیِ کشورهای بزرگ و گمانه‌زنی‌ها در این خصوص که تاریخ قرن بیست‌ویکم در حال متمرکز شدن در شرق و جنوب آسیاست، بیش از پیش بر دامنۀ اهمیت آن و لزوم حضور و ایفای نقش بسیاری از کشورها در این قلمرو دریایی افزوده شده است. در این چارچوب به‌نظر می‌رسد با در نظر گرفتن این واقعیت که حجم گستردۀ تجارت دریایی و موازنۀ راهبردیِ جهانی در آیندۀ نزدیک در این منطقه رقم خواهد خورد؛ فرض این مقاله نیز بر این پایه استوار است که آیندۀ چالش‌ها و رقابت‌ها در قرن حاضر در اقیانوس هند و بیش از پیش میان کشورهایی چون آمریکا، چین، هند و کشورهای منطقه‌ای به‌گونه‌ای ضعیف‌تر رخ خواهد داد. نظر به این مهم، در مقالۀ حاضر ضمن بررسی اهمیت این پهنۀ دریایی، ابعاد و تحرکات هر یک از کشورهای مذکور با تمرکز بیشتر بر ایالات متحدۀ آمریکا واکاوی و تجزیه‌وتحلیل می‌کند و تغییرات ژئوپلیتیک احتمالی در اقیانوس هند را با توجه به اقدام‌ها و راهبردهای هر یک از بازیگران مذکور تشریح و ارزیابی دقیق می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

THE FUTURE OF CONTESTED STRATEGIC COMPETITIONS IN THE INDIAN OCEAN

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kayhan Barzegar 1
  • Masoud Rezaei 2
1 Associate Professor; Department of Political Science and International Relations, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Iran
2 Ph.D. in International Relations, Islamic Azad University, Branch of Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Indian Ocean has received new attention over the recent years because of its economic and strategic importance. The region is seen as a theatre for great power rivalries mainly among the United States, China, and India. In this regard, this paper assesses how the Indian Ocean region is coping with the challenges of global powers such as the U.S, India and China and its very different effects on states and ports around the ocean’s rim. Therefore, it seems that the Indian Ocean is becoming a more critical area in the 21st century, when measured by the international energy and commerce that crosses its waters. It is important to emphasize that the Indian Ocean’s strategic economic value is linked primarily to global trade; less than one-quarter of its trade is among the littoral states, and the economic value of coastal subsistence activities is a modest portion of national income. In view of this importance, the present article reviews the importance of the Marine Zone, dimensions and dynamics of each of the countries under study, with a focus on the United States of America.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Indian Ocean maritime trade
  • United States of America
  • China
  • India
  • strategic strait
  • Iran
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