نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه مطالعات منطقهای دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مطالعات منطقهای دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Following the collapse of USSR, the USA, as a key player of the Middle East region, claimed the leadership of the world unipolar system and, during the last two decades has attempted to restructure the region. To this end, the US has tried to put into practice a plan under the name the New Middle East, inorder to maintain its presence and dominance over this strategic region with the aim of securing and conrolling energy sources, containing Islamic revival and awakening and assuring the security and superiority of Israeli regime in the region. To carry out the plan, the US started out from Iraq, and, upon the downfall of Saddam in 2003, intended to bring about a new order on the basis of Western style and interests and restructure the region in the context of the plan. But, after 9 years of American presence in Iraq, the Iraqi Shiite, on the top of Islamist groups, against American desire and will, controlled the power and, as a result, the US, not only failed to implements its plan, but also, by the end the year 2012, was forced to withdraw its forces from Iraq. The main question of this article is what was the role Iraqi Shiite groups in deafting American new Middle East plan? Our hypothesis is that the Iraqi Shiite groups, thought playing a positive and constructive role, coordination and applying the element of Marjaeyyat, that is, following the line of supreme Shiite religio-political leader, that had played the key role in the entire phases, succeeded in rising to power and nullifying American plan for New Middle East. In this work, we will refer to library sources, conduct field studies and interview with key Iraqi Shiite groups personalities' and experts, employ personal experiences and observation to establish our hypothesis.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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