تلۀ بنیانگذار و نظریۀ جنبش های اجتماعی جدید: تحلیلی بر انقلاب تونس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه علوم سیاسی دانشکدۀ علوم اداری و اقتصاد دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم سیاسی دانشکدۀ علوم اداری و اقتصاد دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

خیزش­های مردمی در جریان بیداری اسلامی یا بهار عربی، زمینه­ساز طرح مطالباتی از سوی اقشار مختلف مردم در کشور تونس شد. مطالباتی که از طریق جنبش­های اجتماعی جدید مطرح شد و به عرصه­ای برای وقوع رفتارهای نظم­گریزانه تعین یافت که نظام را با مشکلۀ «تلۀ بنیانگذار»مواجه ساخت. از این منظر، پژوهش حاضر درصدد است تا به روش کیفی و با رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی، به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که با در نظر گرفتن بحران تلۀ بنیانگذار، وقوع تحولات انقلابی در مصر تا چه اندازه با نظریۀ جنبش­های اجتماعی جدید مطابقت می­کند؟ براساس نتایج تحقیق اولاً بحران تلۀ بنیانگذار در کشور مورد مطالعه، از دلایل شکل­گیری جنبش­های اجتماعی جدید محسوب می­شود؛ ثانیاً بهره­گیری از جنبش­های اجتماعی جدید از دلایل اصلی تحولات صورتگرفته در این کشورهاست که وجود مطالبات و تقاضاهای موجود در میان مردم را پوشش داد و به عرصه­ای جهت وقوع انقلاب متعین شد؛ ثالثاً، نظریۀ جنبش­های اجتماعی جدید در تطبیق با تحولات انقلابی و واقعیت­های موجود در جهان عرب، با فقر تئوریک مواجه شده که توجه به موضوع اقتصاد سیاسی در بازشناسی و توسعۀ نظریه، مؤثر و کارامد خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

FOUNDER'S TRAP AND NEW SOCIAL MOVEMENTS THEORY: AN ANALYSIS OF TUNISIAN REVOLUTION

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Harsij 1
  • Ali Ebrahimi 2
1 Professor; Department of Political Science, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan
2 Ph.D. Student; Department of Political Science, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan
چکیده [English]

Popular uprisings manifested in the current Islamic awareness or Arab spring led to demands articulated by different sections of Tunisian society, and new social movements paved the way for the occurrence of disorderly behaviors. Indeed, domino like changes led to the formation of Tunisian revolution, as a result of general orientations of Arab rulers, on one hand, which can be called as a problem of “Founder's Trap”, and as an importance of new social movements in the explanation of changes in the northern Africa, on the other hand, which faced with research gap prior to that. By utilizing qualitative method and descriptive-analytical approach, this study, with the purpose of filling a part of the existing gap, is aimed at replying to this main question: To what extent, by considering Founder's Trap crisis, the occurrence of revolutionary developments in Tunisia, does lend itself to the theory of new social movements? Findings of this research shows that, firstly, Founder's Trap crisis in the country under study is among important reasons responsible for the formation of new social movements. Secondly, exploiting new social movements is one of the main factors in the changes happened in this country, which covers requests and demands of the people, and determines the occurrence of the revolution. Finally, theory of new social movements encountered theoretical fault once faced with revolutionary changes and current realities of the Arab world. This, in turn, necessitates considering the subject of political economy in reviewing, development, and more efficacy of the theory.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • New Social Movements
  • Founder's Trap
  • People's Demands
  • Revolution
  • Tunisia
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